Comparison of peer led and teacher led oral health educational program among students

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Peer-Led Education (PLE)comparing with the Teacher-led education(TLE) approach about oral health behavior of female school- student aged at 6-12 in district 6 of Tehran, Iran. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study. Two primary public schools in Tehran district 6, were selected by simple random sampling and from each school one class considered for PLE and TLE. 120 fourth grade female students of the 6th district of Tehran were enrolled for study. All participants were assessed about knowledge, attitude, and practice in oral health by Pre-test one month before the intervention program. A valid questionnaire in Persin version used for data gathering. Two representatives including teacher and students from both groups trained under the supervision of a health educator. In PLE each of the six students trained 10 other students in the middle of the day per three consecutive sessions. In TLE one teacher trained one class with about 30students. Both education program set up at the same time and duration. The educational materials included educational short films, animation, and booklet powered driven by Oral Health Burea, Iran health ministry. Apart from, the intervention included role play and storytelling too. The evaluation had done by post-test with the same tool one month later after the intervention. Results: The average mean score of the knowledge, attitude, and practice in both group after educational intervention significantly increased (P<0.05).The mean score of knowledge, attitude, and practice in PLE have been effective than TLE. Conclusion: Health education with peer education approach is effective in improving oral health behavior in children at school age

Evaluation of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index in the 12 years old students of Tehran City, Iran

Aim: The main aim of this study was to Evaluate of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index in 12 Year Old Students of Tehran City, and to identify related factors that affect dental caries within this group. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students of 12 years old in Tehran, Iran. Dental caries status was assessed in terms of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT). "Data were analysed using SPSS version 22; a multivariate regression analysis was used to determine statistically significant associations between DMFT and other variables (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 416 respondents participated in the study. The mean age of the students was10.94 (SD=0.628) years, and the mean DMFT was 1.03 (SD=1.41). So that, in this study DT (0.53 ± 0.95) had the highest and MT (0.14 ± 0.47) had the lowest mean. A multivariate regression analysis model results showed a significant relation between high DMFT scores and such variables as increasing age, lower levels of mother's education, higher family income, lower frequency of tooth brushing and dental flossing, having a history of no visits to the dentist (P<0.05). Conclusion: The current study shows that Iranian female students have a poor oral health behavior, as very few subjects use dental floss on a regular basis. Although there appeared to be a significant relationship between caries scores and demographic factors such as age and socio-behavioral variables include family income, the level of mothers' education, the frequency of dental brushing and flossing, and both the frequency and type of visit to a dentist

Effects of progressive muscular relaxation training on quality of life in anxious patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Background & objectives: Evidences suggest that relaxation therapy may improve psychological outcomes in heart patients. We evaluated the effect of progressive muscular relaxation (PMR) training in decreasing anxiety and improving quality of life among anxious patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Method: This study was an open uncontrolled trial. The sample included 110 anxious patients referred to the cardiac rehabilitation clinic of Tehran Heart Center, Tehran, Iran, during six weeks after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Patients were allocated to receive both exercise training and lifestyle education plus relaxation therapy (relaxation group; n=55) or only exercise training beside lifestyle education (control group or the recipient of usual care group; n=55). Duration of the relaxation therapy was 6 wk and in the case of usual care was 8 wk. Both the groups were followed up one month after completion of intervention. Anxiety and quality of life in the two treatment groups were compared. Results: There were no signifi cant differences in overall QOL, state anxiety and trait anxiety scores between the two groups before intervention. Signifififi cant reductions in state anxiety (P<0.01) and trait anxiety (P<0.01) levels were observed in relaxation group after intervention compared to control group. Women had high state anxiety and a low quality of life than men in the two groups before intervention. After intervention, there was no difference between men and women in the relaxation group. Interpretation & conclusions: Our fi ndings show that progressive muscular relaxation training may be an effective therapy for improving psychological health and quality of life in anxious heart patients.